目的　了解南京地区健康青年军人鼻咽部肺炎链球菌的定植状况及其耐药性。方法　2002 年 3 月-2003 年 7 月采集南京地区1 022名健康青年军人鼻咽拭子标本,分离培养肺炎链球菌。用琼脂稀释法测定菌株对6种抗菌药物的MIC。结果　南京地区健康青年军人鼻咽部肺炎链球菌携带率为10.9%(112/1 022)。其中2株(1.8%)菌株低耐青霉素(MIC分别为0.125和0.5 mg/L),青霉素对其他 110 株菌的 MIC在0.004~0.062 mg/L之间,未发现高耐青霉素菌株。所有菌株对阿莫西林、头孢噻肟和万古霉素均敏感,3株(2.7%)菌株低耐氧氟沙星(MIC均为 4 mg/L)。47 株(42%)菌株高耐红霉素并广泛分布于许多个调查单位,其中46株MIC>512 mg/L,仅1株为1 mg/L。结论　南京地区健康青年军人鼻咽部肺炎链球菌定植率处于中等水平。耐青霉素肺炎链球菌发生率很低。耐红霉素发生率较高,均为高度耐药,且分布范围广。 Objective To understand the colonization and drug resistance of nasopharyngeal pneumococci in healthy young soldiers in Nanjing. Methods Nasopharyngeal swab specimens from 1 022 healthy young soldiers in Nanjing area were collected from March 2002 to July 2003, and Streptococcus pneumoniae was isolated and cultured. The MIC of strains against 6 kinds of antibacterials was determined by agar dilution method. Results The prevalence rate of nasopharyngeal pneumococci in healthy young soldiers in Nanjing area was 10.9% (112/1 022). Among them, 2 strains (1.8%) were low resistant to penicillin (MIC were 0.125 and 0.5 mg / L, respectively). Penicillin had MIC of 0.004 ~ 0.062 mg / L against other 110 strains. All strains were sensitive to amoxicillin, cefotaxime and vancomycin, and 3 (2.7%) strains were low-resistant toloxacin (MIC 4 mg / L). Forty-seven strains (42%) were highly erythromycin-resistant and widely distributed in many survey units, 46 of which were> 512 mg / L and only 1 strain was 1 mg / L. Conclusion The colonization rates of nasopharyngeal pneumococci in healthy young soldiers in Nanjing are at medium level. Penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae incidence is very low. Erythromycin high incidence of highly resistant, and a wide range of distribution.