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目的了解心理咨询门诊就诊对象一般情况、起病诱因、既往疾病史、诊断、治疗及男女间差异等,为心理咨询门诊工作提供指导。方法整群抽取2002年5月21日~11月28日安徽省精神卫生中心心理咨询门诊所建的189份病历,对其首诊记录进行回顾性分析。结果受教育程度为高中中专以上文化的被咨询者占65.54%,多于初中以下者(P<0.01),差异有高度显著性。学生占相当的比例,占已知身份者中38.96%。男性以工作问题为疾病诱因的比例高于女性(P<0.01),差异有高度显著性;男性恋爱问题为疾病诱因的比例高于女性(P<0.05),差异有显著性,男性婚姻问题为诱因的比例低于女性(P<0.01),差异有高度显著性;男性家庭问题为诱因的比例低于女性(P<0.05),差异有显著性。被咨询者首诊时病程在10年以内的占96.76%;共有25.93%被咨询者既往经过治疗;既往慢性或严重疾病的患病率,男性高于女性(P<0.01),差异有高度显著性;依据CCMD-3诊断为神经症者占被咨询者中38.10%,心境障碍占被咨询者中19.46%(P<0.01),差异有高度显著性;分裂症、分裂样精神病、心境障碍、神经症总例数占建门诊病历的被咨询者中70.90%;治疗方案:138例(73.02%)皆心理治疗配合药物治疗。心理治疗用单纯心理疏导占121例(占138例中的87.68%)。结论心理工作者应更多关注学生心理健康,对男女心理咨询、干预应有不同侧重点,治疗中注意提高心理治疗质量。
Objective To understand the general situation of psychotherapy consultation clinic, the causes of onset, the past history of the disease, diagnosis, treatment and the difference between men and women, etc., to provide guidance for counseling clinic work. Methods A total of 189 medical records were collected from the psychological counseling clinic of Anhui Mental Health Center from May 21, 2002 to November 28, 2002. The records of the first visit were retrospectively analyzed. Results 65.54% of the respondents who were educated above secondary school or higher secondary school were more than those below junior high school (P <0.01). The differences were highly significant. Students make up a considerable proportion, accounting for 38.96% of the known identities. The proportion of males with work problems as the predisposing factors was significantly higher than that of females (P <0.01), and the difference was highly significant. The male causal relationship was higher than that of females (P <0.05), and the male marital problems were The proportion of incentives was lower than that of women (P <0.01), the difference was highly significant; the proportion of male family problems as incentives was lower than that of women (P <0.05), the difference was significant. The duration of the first consultation was 96.76% within 10 years; a total of 25.93% were treated by the consultant in the past; the prevalence of previous chronic or severe diseases was higher in males than in females (P <0.01), the difference was highly significant (P0.05) .According to CCMD-3, 38.10% were diagnosed as neurosis and 19.46% (P <0.01) of the patients were consulted. Mood disorders were highly significant; schizophrenia, schizophreniform psychosis, The total number of neurosis accounts for 70.90% of consulted medical records; Treatment options: 138 cases (73.02%) are psychological treatment with drug treatment. Psychotherapy with simple psychological counseling accounted for 121 cases (accounting for 138.68% of 138 cases). Conclusions Psychological workers should pay more attention to students’ mental health. Psychological counseling and intervention for both men and women should have different emphases, and attention should be paid to improve the quality of psychotherapy during treatment.