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随着计划经济向市场经济体制的转变,经济方式从粗放型向集约型过渡,企业转制、产品结构调整、劳动制度改革,劳动力将有较大调整,急需开发新的产业渠道。上海自70年代末率先进入“老年社会”以来,现全市年满60岁以上的老年人口已超过230万人,到下世纪20年代中期将超过400万人。作为全市庞大的特殊群体,他们在物质、精神生活上都会有其特殊的需求。建立为老年人服务的各项设施,积极拓展老年服务事业,已成为广大老年人的迫切需求。 “老年社会”的出现是 现代社会进步标志之一 “老年社会”的出现,是生产力水平不断发展的结果。据预测,到本世纪末上海60岁以上老年人口将达到240万人,到2010年将增至291万人,2020年骤升至449万人;年满80周岁以上的高龄老人,到本世纪末将增至29万人,2010年为47万人,2035年以后超过百万人。 上海人口平均期望寿命,也在逐年提高。由1960年的65.9岁,增加到1992年的75.96岁,增加了10.06岁,已达到欧、美等发达国家水平,与法国、加拿大、澳大利亚、英国等相近,低于日本、瑞士。
With the transition from a planned economy to a market economy, the economy will undergo a transition from extensive mode to intensive mode. There will be a major readjustment of the restructuring of enterprises, the restructuring of the product structure, the reform of the labor system and the labor force, and the urgent need to develop new industrial channels. Since Shanghai first entered the “elderly society” in the late 1970s, Shanghai now has over 2.3 million elderly people over the age of 60 and will surpass 4 million in the mid-2030s. As the city’s huge special group, they have their own special needs in material and spiritual life. Establishing various facilities for the elderly and actively expanding the service for the elderly has become an urgent need of the majority of the elderly. The emergence of “elderly society” is one of the signs of progress in modern society. The emergence of “elderly society” is the result of the continuous development of the productive forces. It is predicted that by the end of this century, the population of the elderly over the age of 60 in Shanghai will reach 2.4 million and will increase to 2.91 million by 2010 and to 4.49 million in 2020. By the end of this century, the elderly people over the age of 80 will To 290,000 in 2010, to 470,000 in 2010 and to over 1 million in 2035. The average life expectancy of Shanghai population is also rising year by year. From 65.9 years in 1960 to 75.96 in 1992, an increase of 10.06 years. It has reached the level of developed countries such as Europe and the United States, and is similar to France, Canada, Australia and the United Kingdom, but lower than Japan and Switzerland.