妇女闭居是古代和中世纪社会中性别歧视的产物，它在礼教控制下的传统中国最为典型，而在理学勃兴的明代则被推行到极致。这一事实在晚明来华的耶稣会士当中所引起的反应是双重的：一方面，他们以欣喜的态度接受它，认为这是被１４至１６世纪的社会变革所破坏了的西欧传统妇女规范在远东的重建；另一方面，他们又以忧虑的心情注视着它对宣教工作的不利影响。神父们企图通过种种变通的方式去协调这一矛盾，但并没能成功，其表面的原因是中国人的抵制和西方的教派斗争，而更内在的因素则深藏于两种不同文化的尖锐对立当中。 Women’s closures are the result of gender discrimination in ancient and medieval society. The traditional Chinese tradition under the control of the ritual and the religion is the most typical. In the Ming dynasty, however, it was pushed to the extreme. The fact that the response elicited by late Jesuit Jesuits in China was twofold: on the one hand, they accepted it with delight and regarded it as a traditional Western European woman destroyed by social changes in the 14th-16th centuries Regulate the reconstruction in the Far East; on the other hand, they are anxiously anxious to look at their adverse effects on the mission. Fathers attempted to reconcile this contradiction through a variety of ways, but failed to succeed on the surface of the Chinese boycott and the sectarian struggles in the West. The more intrinsic factors were hidden in the sharpness of two different cultures Opposition.