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土壤有机碳是反映土壤质量以及土壤缓冲能力的一个重要指标,对于温室效应与全球气候变化具有重要的控制作用。研究以陕西省第二次土壤普查数据为主要资料,结合多年的相关研究数据,对陕西省土壤碳密度及储量进行估算,并分析了陕西省土壤有机碳密度的空间分布特征。结果表明:榆林、延安地区北部以及商洛等地区分布的风沙土、黄绵土、石质土等土壤有机碳密度最小,小于4 kg m-2;陕西南部地区的土壤有机碳密度主要在4~9 kg m-2之间;咸阳地区及渭南地区土壤有机碳密度也较高,主要在9~12 kg m-2之间;关中地区渭河及其两岸、秦岭部分山区土壤有机碳密度最大,最高达30 kg m-2以上;陕西省平均土壤有机碳密度为6.87 kg m-2,在全省的22个土壤类型中,有13个土壤有机碳密度低于全国平均水平,占全省土壤总面积的77.42%,全省土壤有机碳储量约为1.41×1012kg。本研究为我国土壤碳库和碳平衡的研究提供基础数据。
Soil organic carbon is an important indicator of soil quality and soil buffer capacity, and plays an important role in controlling greenhouse effect and global climate change. Based on the data of the second soil survey in Shaanxi Province and the data from many years of relevant research, this paper estimates the soil carbon density and its reserves in Shaanxi Province, and analyzes the spatial distribution characteristics of soil organic carbon in Shaanxi Province. The results showed that the density of soil organic carbon such as aeolian sandy soil, loessial soil and calcareous soil distributed in Yulin, northern part of Yan’an and Shangluo areas was the smallest, less than 4 kg m-2. The soil organic carbon density in southern Shaanxi was mainly between 4 and 9 kg m-2. The soil organic carbon density in Xianyang area and Weinan area was also higher, mainly between 9 and 12 kg m-2. The density of soil organic carbon in the Weihe River and Guanghuang Mountains and Qinling Mountains was the highest kg m-2 above. In Shaanxi Province, the average soil organic carbon density was 6.87 kg m-2. Among the 22 soil types in the province, 13 had lower concentrations of organic carbon than the national average, accounting for the total soil area in the province 77.42%, the province’s soil organic carbon storage is about 1.41 × 1012kg. This study provides basic data for the study of soil carbon pool and carbon balance in China.