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【目的】了解勐腊县五大民族5岁以下儿童死亡情况及主要影响因素。【方法】采用纵向比较法,分析2003~2007年五大民族新生儿活产及5岁以下儿童死亡情况。【结果】5岁以下儿童死亡率,瑶族最高,为164.18‰,傣族其次,为46.53‰,汉族最低,为15.31‰;傣、瑶两民族5岁以下儿童死亡占全县5岁以下儿童死亡的64.16%;傣、瑶两民族5岁以下儿童死亡的第一原因分别为早产、低体重、肺炎。【结论】降低勐腊县5岁以下儿童死亡率取决于降低傣、瑶两民族5岁以下儿童死亡率,尤其是降低瑶族5岁以下儿童死亡率。
【Objective】 To understand the death and the main influential factors of children under 5 in Mengla five nationalities. 【Method】 The longitudinal comparison method was used to analyze the deaths of newborn live births and children under 5 years old from 2003 to 2007. 【Results】 The mortality rate of children under 5 years of age was the highest, 164.18 ‰, followed by the Dai, 46.53 ‰, while Han was the lowest, at 15.31 ‰. The deaths of children under 5 years of age in Dai and Yao ethnic groups accounted for the death of children under 5 in the county 64.16%. The first cause of death of children under 5 years old in Dai and Yao ethnic groups was premature birth, low birth weight and pneumonia. 【Conclusion】 Reducing the mortality rate of children under 5 years of age in Mengla County is determined by reducing the mortality rate of children under 5 years of age in Dai and Yao ethnic groups, especially in reducing the death rate of Yao children under 5 years of age.