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美国黑人女作家托尼.莫里森的小说《慈悲》不仅关注美国奴隶制最初时期黑人的生存状态,同时也将处在当时历史条件下的奴隶主,自由人以及白人契约劳工的生活状态呈现给读者。小说已经超越了简单的种族主义,探讨了在特定历史背景下人们在奴隶制度下所受身体和精神的双重奴役。以法国社会学家布迪厄的生存心态理论分析处在社会不同阶层的人们不同的生活方式,可以观照小说人物心态形成的深层原因。
American compatriot Toni Morrison’s novel “Compassion” not only focuses on the living conditions of blacks during the initial period of American slavery, but also presents the living conditions of slave laborers, free men and white contract laborers under the historical conditions at that time reader. The novel has gone beyond simple racism and explores the double slavery of the body and spirit that people suffer under the slavery in a given historical context. Analyzing the different lifestyles of people in different social strata based on the theory of survival psychology of French sociologist Bourdieu, we can observe the underlying causes of the formation of the mindset of the novel.