名量词{棵}①最初以集合量词“科”和“窠”的形式少量地出现于西汉和北魏时期。个体量词的{棵}则出现于唐代。“棵”这一表记出现于明代,但这一时期的“棵”与“株”相比,仍属少数派。到了清代,“棵”纔与“株”势均力敌,直至清末完全取代“株”。那么“科”“窠”等为甚么会统一成“棵”呢?本文从音韵和文字两方面对此做了考察。 The noun {{}} ① was first appeared in the Western Han and Northern Wei Dynasties in the form of a collection of quantifiers “科” and “窠”. Individual measure word {}} appeared in the Tang Dynasty. The notation of “tree” appeared in the Ming Dynasty, but the “tree” of this period was still a minority compared with that of “tree”. In the Qing Dynasty, “tree” was only matched with “tree” until the late Qing Dynasty completely replaced “tree”. Then why does “” “” “” and so on unite into “tree ”? This article from the phonology and writing both made a survey.