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目的使居民在冬季获得充足的日照,在夏季获得良好的通风,保障居民生活质量和身体健康。对于住宅日照标准不足给予补偿提供依据,杜绝上访及社会纠纷。方法利用竿影日照图原理,采用三角函数法计算日照间距,对住宅日照间距进行卫生学评价。创新管理模式,通过地方政府出台文件,政府行政部门联合会审的模式对建设项目进行监管,并将评价报告作为法院对住宅日照标准不足给予补偿进行判决的法律依据和量化依据。结果 2008年1月—2011年10月,宁阳县疾病预防控制中心共计对70家单位194栋楼房进行预防性卫生学评价。项目开展后日照间距合格率高于项目开展前,差异有统计学意义(χ2=22.30,P<0.01)。新、改、扩建项目日照间距卫生学评价率达100%。开展卫生学评价前日照间距合格率为59.82%,上访、社会纠纷率28.35%;开展卫生学评价后日照间距合格率85.78%。结论该评价方法和应用模式取得了显著的社会和经济效益。
The purpose is to enable residents to have sufficient sunshine in winter and good ventilation in summer to ensure their quality of life and health. For lack of standards for residential sunshine to provide a basis for compensation, eliminate petitions and social disputes. Methods Using the principle of pole shadow sunshine map, sunshine interval was calculated by trigonometric method, and the hygiene evaluation was conducted on the sunshine interval of residential buildings. Innovative management mode through the local government documents issued by the government administrative department of the Federation of the trial model of construction projects supervision and evaluation report as the court to make up for the lack of residential sunshine standards to make judgments on the legal basis and quantitative basis. Results From January 2008 to October 2011, Ningyang County Center for Disease Control and Prevention totally evaluated 194 buildings in 70 units for preventive hygiene evaluation. After passing the project, the passing rate of sunshine spacing was higher than that before the project was started (χ2 = 22.30, P <0.01). New, change, expansion projects sunshine distance hygiene evaluation rate of 100%. Before passing hygiene evaluation, the passing rate of sunshine interval was 59.82%, petition and social dispute rate was 28.35%. After passing hygiene evaluation, the pass rate of sunshine interval was 85.78%. Conclusion The evaluation methods and application models have achieved significant social and economic benefits.