甲午战争前 ,中国的先进分子对社会变革道路问题进行了长期的探索。鸦片战争以后 ,魏源等提出的“师夷之长技以制夷”主张为社会变革指出了新方向 ;在 19世纪 60、70年代 ,中国先进分子从政治、经济两个方面突破了原先的社会变革观 ,但经济变革是多数人的共识 ;中法战争前后 ,中国思想界出现了一系列新变化 ,政治变革成为思想主流 ,并出现一系列上书活动 ,这标志着中国先进分子将关于社会变革道路的探索推进到了一个新阶段 Before the Sino-Japanese War, Chinese advanced elements conducted a long-term exploration of the road to social change. After the Opium War, the proposition of “long-term mastery of the barbarians in order to control the barbarians” proposed by Wei Yuan et al. Pointed out a new direction for social changes. In the 1960s and 1970s, the advanced Chinese people broke through the original social and political aspects of the society However, economic change is the consensus of most people. Before and after the Sino-French War, a series of new changes took place in Chinese intellectual circles. Political change became the mainstream of thought and a series of letter-writing activities marked the beginning of the reform of social reform The exploration of the road has advanced to a new stage