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公共利益在行政征收制度中是个不可回避的概念,但何为公共利益这一问题在理论与规范上均并非处于清晰明朗的状态。以美、德二国为比较研究的范本,对它们实践中界定公共利益的实体标准和程序标准分别进行考察,并且基于该比较法上的考察结论作本土化的可行性分析,主张在我国采取“正面列举+反面排除+辅以一般条款”的方法来界定公共利益的实体标准,并效仿美、德进一步完善我国行政征收中界定公共利益的程序标准。
The public interest is an unavoidable concept in the system of administrative expropriation, but the issue of what is the public interest is not clear and clear in theory and norms. Taking the United States and Germany as the comparative models, this paper examines the substantive and procedural standards that define the public interest in their practice respectively. Based on the findings of the comparative law, the paper analyzes the feasibility of localization and advocates the adoption in our country “Positive enumeration + negative excluding + supplemented by the general terms ” approach to define the substantive standards of public interest, and follow the United States and Germany to further improve China’s administrative levying process of defining the public interest standards.