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用熔铸法制备了Cu-12Al-2Ni-3Fe-XMn(X=0,1,2,3,4)合金,热处理工艺为920℃固溶2 h,540℃时效2 h。利用电子探针(EPMA)、扫描电镜(SEM)、万能试验机和摩擦磨损仪等设备对不同Mn含量的耐磨铝青铜的组织及性能进行研究后发现:合金中主要包含四种相,分别为k相、α相、β′相和γ相。随着Mn含量的增加,α相从条状转变成块状析出,γ相含量逐渐减少,k相弥散析出量先增加后降低,Mn含量为2%时,k相的弥散析出量达到最大。合金的抗拉强度和屈服强度随Mn含量的增加呈现出先增加后降低的趋势,在Mn含量为2%时抗拉强度和屈服强度分别达到最大值813.24Mpa和453.18 Mpa,合金的延伸率随着Mn含量的增加而逐渐增大。随着时间的延长,同一合金的摩擦系数波动值逐渐减小;随着Mn含量的升高不同合金的摩擦系数变化量?μ逐渐降低。Mn的添加降低了铝青铜合金的稳定摩擦系数和磨损量,Mn含量为2%时稳定摩擦系数和磨损量达到最小值,合金的摩擦形式也由粘着磨损转变为磨粒磨损为主。
The alloy Cu-12Al-2Ni-3Fe-XMn (X = 0,1,2,3,4) was prepared by melt casting. The heat treatment was carried out at 920 ℃ for 2 h and at 540 ℃ for 2 h. The microstructure and mechanical properties of wear-resistant aluminum bronze with different content of Mn were studied by means of electronic probe (EPMA), scanning electron microscope (SEM), universal testing machine and friction and wear tester. It was found that the alloy mainly contains four phases, K phase, α phase, β ’phase and γ phase. With the increase of Mn content, α phase is changed from bar to bulk, the content of γ phase is gradually decreased, the amount of k phase is increased first and then decreased, and the amount of k phase is maximal when the content of Mn is 2%. Tensile strength and yield strength of the alloy first increased and then decreased with the increase of Mn content. When the content of Mn was 2%, the tensile strength and yield strength reached the maximum of 813.24Mpa and 453.18Mpa, respectively. The elongation of the alloy increased with the increase of Mn content Mn content increased gradually increased. With the extension of time, the friction coefficient of the same alloy decreases gradually; with the increase of Mn content, the variation of friction coefficient of different alloys gradually decreases. The addition of Mn reduced the stable friction coefficient and wear amount of aluminum bronze alloy. When the content of Mn was 2%, the stable friction coefficient and the wear amount reached the minimum, and the frictional form of the alloy changed from adherent wear to abrasive wear.