目的：介绍特殊类型周围神经肿瘤的病理诊断。方法：收集外检和会诊中遇到的各种类型周围神经肿瘤进行回顾性分析，并作必要的免疫组化标记和鉴别诊断，报道９例罕见的特殊类型周围神经肿瘤。结果：９例中：上皮样恶性周围神经鞘膜瘤，恶性蝾螈瘤，黑色素性神经鞘瘤，婴儿黑色素性神经外胚叶瘤，腺性神经纤维瘤，神经鞘粘液瘤，节细胞性神经母细胞瘤，恶性颗粒细胞瘤和透明细胞肉瘤各１例。结论：特殊类型周围神经肿瘤的形成与原始神经嵴细胞多向分化潜能密切有关。 Objective: To introduce the pathological diagnosis of special type of peripheral nerve tumor. Methods: A retrospective analysis of various types of peripheral nerve tumors encountered during the examination and consultation was conducted. The necessary immunohistochemical markers and differential diagnosis were collected. Nine cases of peripheral nerve tumors of rare type were reported. Results: In 9 cases, epithelial-like malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor, malignant salamander tumor, melanotic schwannoma, infant melanocytic neumatodenesis, glandular neurofibroma, schwannoma, gangliosarcoma 1 case of blastoma, malignant granulosa cell tumor and clear cell sarcoma. Conclusion: The formation of special types of peripheral nerve tumors is closely related to the potential of primitive neural crest cells to differentiate into multiple.