澜沧江—湄公河是影响“一带一路”中“中国一中南半岛经济走廊”与“大湄公河次区域经济合作新高地”建设的重要因素。但近年来中国与下湄公河国家在澜沧江—湄公河的水利开发、航道利用、生态保护等方面问题不断。因此,本文在梳理“跨界水公共产品”理论渊源并尝试地界定“跨界水公共产品”内涵的基础上,分析流域内跨界水公共产品的供给现状、不足及影响,最后指出中国在“一带一路”框架下提供“跨界水公共产品”的具体路径。 The Lancang-Mekong River is an important factor that affects the construction of the “One China-Albania Economic Corridor” and the “New Heights of the Greater Mekong Sub-region Economic Cooperation” in the “Belt and Road Initiatives”. However, in recent years, China and the Lower Mekong countries have been facing continuous problems in water conservancy development, waterway utilization and ecological protection of the Lancang-Mekong River. Therefore, on the basis of combing the theoretical origins of “transboundary water public products” and attempting to define the connotation of “transboundary water public products”, this article analyzes the current situation, insufficiency and influence of the supply of transboundary water public products in the basin, Finally, it points out the concrete path for China to provide “transboundary water public goods” within the framework of the “Belt and Road”.