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目的了解河南省城乡7～22岁在校学生超重和肥胖的发生及发展变化状况,为学生肥胖防治工作提供参考。方法利用河南省1991,1995,2000,2005及2010年学生体质调研资料,对其中的超重和肥胖检出率进行比较。结果 1991-2010年河南省学生的超重和肥胖发生率在年龄、城乡、性别和整体上均呈现出随时间推移而逐渐增长的趋势,超重、肥胖年均增长速度分别为5.40%和9.32%;超重和肥胖发生率呈现出城市高于乡村、男生高于女生的规律,但1995年后乡村超重和肥胖的年增长速度超过了城市学生;无论城乡还是学段,学生肥胖年均增长率均高于超重,且乡村部分学段学生的超重、肥胖年均增长率高于城市;速度增长最快的为城市大学生,年均增长率高达14.50%。结论营养健康教育与促进工作应及时跟上经济建设快速发展的需要,动员家长、学生积极参与,为学生提供合理的膳食,促进学生健康饮食行为习惯的养成。
Objective To understand the occurrence and development of overweight and obesity among school-aged children aged 7 to 22 in urban and rural areas of Henan Province, and provide references for the prevention and treatment of obesity among students. Methods Based on the survey data of 1991, 1995, 2000, 2005 and 2010 in Henan Province, the detection rates of overweight and obesity were compared. Results The prevalence of overweight and obesity among Henan students during 1991-2010 showed a gradual increase in age, urban and rural areas, gender and population as a whole over time. The average annual growth rates of overweight and obesity were 5.40% and 9.32% respectively. The prevalence of overweight and obesity in urban areas was higher than that in rural areas and boys were higher than girls. However, the annual growth rate of overweight and obesity in rural areas surpassed that of urban students after 1995. The average annual growth rate of obesity in both rural and urban areas was high Overweight, and the rural section of the students overweight, obesity, the average annual growth rate higher than the city; the fastest growing city students, with an average annual growth rate of 14.50%. Conclusion Nutrition and health education and promotion should keep abreast of the rapid development of economic construction, mobilize parents and students to participate actively, provide reasonable diet for students and promote students’ healthy eating behaviors.