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重点研究了对椭圆轨道上非合作目标进行长期绕飞监测的相对运动轨道构型设计与构型保持问题。利用轨道要素法建立了适用于目标轨道为椭圆轨道的相对运动模型,推导了以目标为中心的周期性绕飞运动的必要条件,考虑绕飞安全距离约束给出了满足目标监测要求的绕飞轨道设计方法,针对J2摄动和大气阻力摄动作用对绕飞轨道构型的影响,提出了绕飞轨道构型保持脉冲控制策略,建立了燃料最省构型保持非线性规划模型。仿真结果表明,所提出的构型设计方法简单有效,适用于对椭圆轨道上目标的绕飞相对运动分析,基于非线性规划方法的构型保持最优控制方法能够有效实现燃料最省绕飞轨道构型保持的高精度控制。
This paper focuses on the design of the relative motion orbit configuration and the configuration maintenance of long-term fly-around monitoring of non-cooperative targets on elliptical orbits. The orbit element method is used to establish the relative motion model which is suitable for elliptical orbit of the target orbit. The necessary ordeals of target-centric periodic orbital movement are deduced. Considering the constraint of the safety distance around the fly, Aiming at the influence of J2 perturbation and atmospheric resistance perturbation on the configuration of orbiting fly orbit, a control strategy of orbit keeping flyby orbit configuration is proposed and a nonlinear programming model with the most fuel saving configuration is established. The simulation results show that the proposed configuration design method is simple and effective and can be applied to the analysis of the orbital relative motion of the target in the elliptical orbit. The optimal configuration control method based on the nonlinear programming method can effectively realize the most fuel- Configuration control to maintain high precision.