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体内细胞与体外培养细胞差异的关键在于细胞分化，内皮细胞的分化是检测内皮细胞差异的核心问题。内皮细胞在体内分布广泛，其分化表现出极大的异质性，体外培养血管内皮细胞的分化也表现出极大的差异。本文介绍了内皮细胞的胚胎起源、内皮细胞的异质性及影响内皮细胞分化的因素等方面的研究进展，揭示内皮细胞分化的分子机理，将使人们可驾驭其分化，按人们要求使内皮细胞发生特定的分化。
The key to the difference between in vivo and in vitro cultured cells lies in cell differentiation and the differentiation of endothelial cells is a central issue for detecting differences in endothelial cells. Endothelial cells are widely distributed in the body, the differentiation showed a great heterogeneity, vascular endothelial cell differentiation in vitro showed a great difference. This article describes the embryonic origin of endothelial cells, the heterogeneity of endothelial cells and the factors that affect the differentiation of endothelial cells and other aspects of research, revealing the molecular mechanism of endothelial cell differentiation, will enable people to control their differentiation, according to the requirements of endothelial cells Specific differentiation occurs.