五年计划和三场革命印度1947年独立后,于1951年起开始执行第一个五年计划。从50年代初到80年代末,印度执行了七个五年计划和三个年度计划。在这一时期,印度政府通过各种法规和许可证制度,实行半管制的、以进口替代为主的混合经济体制。国家采用争取外援和发行公债等手段对国民经济各主要部门进行巨额投资,建立起一整套比较完备的工业体系,使国营企业在重工业、基 Five-Year Plan and Three Revolutions After India became independent in 1947, the first five-year plan began in 1951. From the early 1950s until the late 1980s, India implemented seven five-year plans and three annual plans. During this period, the Indian government adopted a variety of laws and regulations and licensing system, the implementation of semi-controlled, import-oriented alternative to the mixed economic system. By means of obtaining foreign aid and issuing public bonds, the state has made huge investments in all major sectors of the national economy and set up a complete set of comparatively complete industrial systems so that state-owned enterprises in heavy industries,