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小河墓地是新疆塔里木盆地东部地区最为重要的青铜时期文化遗存之一,对解读新疆青铜时期文化起源具有重要意义。本文对新疆小河墓地出土的古代人类遗骸进行了线粒体DNA分析,以期从分子遗传学角度来探讨新疆小河墓地人群的母系起源。线粒体DNA分析结果表明小河人群的母系遗传构成非常复杂,既包括欧洲和西伯利亚遗传成分,也带有少量的东亚及南亚遗传成分。结合考古学文化,我们探讨了新疆塔里木盆地青铜时期人群迁移及交流情况。
Small Creek cemetery is one of the most important bronze cultural relics in the eastern region of Tarim Basin in Xinjiang, which is of great significance to the cultural origin of Xinjiang Bronze Age. In this paper, the mitochondrial DNA of ancient human remains unearthed in Xinjiang Creek cemetery was analyzed in order to explore the maternal origin of Xinjiang Creek cemetery population from the perspective of molecular genetics. Mitochondrial DNA analysis showed that the maternal genetic composition of the Creek population is very complex, including both European and Siberian genetic components, but also with a small amount of genetic elements in East Asia and South Asia. Combined with archaeological culture, we explored the migration and exchange of people in the Bronze Age in the Tarim Basin in Xinjiang.