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将传统形态学测定和框架测定相结合,采用聚类分析、主成分分析和判别分析3种多元分析方法,对自斑狗鱼Esox lucius和黑斑狗鱼Esox reichrti的不同地理居群共115尾标本的36个测量性状和12个可数性状数据进行统计分析,以探讨两种狗鱼的形态差异。可数性状卡方检验结果表明,白斑狗鱼与黑斑狗鱼的背鳍棘数、臀鳍棘数、臀鳍分支鳍条数、纵行鳞数、侧线上鳞以及侧线下鳞差异极显著。在可量性状上,聚类分析与主成分分析结果一致,黑斑狗鱼乌苏里江种群与嫩江种群差异最小,首先聚为一支,后与黑龙江种群聚为一支,两种狗鱼差异明显,白斑狗鱼为单独一支。判别分析结果表明,不同种群形态差异极显著(P<0.01),判别准确率P_1为96.4%～100%。分析结果显示两种狗鱼在形态上已产生一定程度的差异。
Based on the combination of traditional morphological determination and frame determination, cluster analysis, principal component analysis and discriminant analysis were used to analyze the genetic diversity of Esox lucius and Esox reichrti. Specimens 36 measured traits and 12 countable traits data for statistical analysis to explore the morphological differences between the two kinds of dogfish. Countable trait chi-square test results showed that there was a significant difference between dorsal fin spine number, spines anal spine number, anal fin number, longitudinal scale number, lateral line scale and lateral line scale of white pheasant and dabbling fish. In the measurable traits, the cluster analysis was consistent with the result of principal component analysis. There was the least difference between the black spot dog Wusuli River population and the Nenjiang population, firstly clustering into one and then clustering with one in Heilongjiang province, Obviously, Porphyra fish is a single one. Discriminant analysis showed that the morphological differences among different populations were significant (P <0.01), and the discriminant accuracy P 1 was 96.4% -100%. The results showed that the two types of fish had a certain degree of difference in morphology.