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电路故障是指电路连接完成通电时,整个电路或部分电路不能工作。它产生的原因主要有:元件本身存在问题,如元件内部开路、短路;连接时选用的器材不当(如R1■R2);电路导线接触不良或断开等。初中物理学习的电路的三种基本状态是:通路,电路形成回路,电路中有持续电流,电路工作;开路,指电路的某一位置断开,无法形成回路,电路中没有电流,电路不工作;短路,指电源的正负极被导线直接相连,电流不经过用电器直接从电源正极流向负极,此时电路中的电流极大,可能烧坏电源。
Circuit failure refers to the completion of the circuit connected to power, the entire circuit or part of the circuit can not work. The main reasons for this are: the component itself has problems such as open and short circuit inside the component, improper equipment (such as R1 and R2) used in the connection, bad or broken contact of the circuit leads, and the like. The three basic states of a junior high school physics circuit are: a pathway, a circuit that forms a circuit, a continuous current in the circuit, and a circuit that operates; an open circuit that refers to a location in the circuit that is disconnected, unable to form a circuit, no current in the circuit, Short circuit means that the positive and negative poles of the power supply are directly connected by the conducting wire. The current flows directly from the positive pole of the power supply to the negative pole without passing through the electric appliance. At this moment, the current in the circuit is very large and the power may be burned out.