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目的:为基层全科医师规范治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重(AECOPD)并慢性肺源性心脏病(以下简称肺心病)心力衰竭(以下简称心衰)提供参考.方法:采用闭卷匿名填写问卷的方式,现场调查19所城区社区卫生服务中心和21所乡村社区卫生服务中心全科医师急诊治疗AECOPD并肺心病心衰时的用药情况.结果:共发放问卷365份,回收有效问卷363份,有效回收率为99.45%;城区与乡村社区卫生服务中心全科医师急诊处理AECOPD并肺心病心衰时治疗原则、首选药物、支气管舒张药的选择等三方面答对率分别为29.71%、29.71%、22.29%和27.13%、27.66%、21.81%,两组医师调查结果比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论:城乡全科医师治疗AECOPD并肺心病心衰时的急诊用药存在较多误区,亟需有针对性地加强这方面的继续教育.“,”OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for the standardized treatment of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pul-monary disease (AECOPD) with pulmonary heart disease and heart failure by general practitioners at a grass-root level. METH-ODS:An anonymous questionnaire survey was conducted on the emergent drug use in AECOPD with pulmonary heart disease and heart failure by general practitioners from 19 town and 21 country community health service centers. RESULTS:Totally 365 ques-tionnaires were sent out,and 363 were effectively received with effective recovery of 99.45%;the correct choice rates of treatment principles,preferred choice of drugs and choice of different bronchodilators in acute exacerbation of AECOPD with pulmonary heart disease and heart failure between general practitioners in town and country community health service centers were 29.71%, 29.71%,22.29% and 27.13%,27.66%,21.81%,respectively,and there was no significant difference in the results between 2 groups(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Urban and rural general practitioners have many misunderstandings in dealing with emergency of AECOPD with pulmonary heart disease and heart failure, and it is the time to strengthen the continuing education in this area.