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本文对中碳铬镍钼钢冶金缺陷偏析线断口进行了宏观、光学显微镜、扫描电镜的对比观察以及热染试验的分析研究,充分征明:偏析线的本质是断口上夹杂物的光线反射,而不是“光滑沟槽”的反光;它是冶炼、浇注过程中在钢锭内残存的非金属夹杂物,通过压力加工被破碎或变形,经调质处理使基体具有良好塑性和韧性后,增加了断口反差,从而使夹杂物的光线反射在断口上呈现出沿纵向平行的银白色亮线,即偏析线;因此在冶炼时,凡能去除生成偏析线主要原因的夹杂物或一切有利去渣工艺措施,均能减轻或消除偏析线。
In this paper, macroscopic, optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and thermal analysis of the fractured segregation line of the fracture of the medium-carbon chromium-nickel-molybdenum steels show that the nature of the segregation lines is the reflection of inclusions on the fracture surface, It is not the reflection of “smooth groove”; it is the non-metallic inclusions remaining in the steel ingot during the smelting and pouring process and is crushed or deformed by pressure processing. After quenching and tempering, the matrix has good ductility and toughness, Contrast, so that inclusions reflect the light in the fracture along the vertical parallel to the silver-white bright line, that segregation line; so smelting, who can remove the main reason for the formation of segregation lines or all the benefits of slag technology measures , Can reduce or eliminate segregation line.