母乳素有“白色血液”的美称。本世纪六十年代以前,对其营养价值进行了较多的研究。进入六十年代以后,由于代母乳食品质量大幅度提高及其他多种因素,致使在世界范围内出现了以人工喂养取代母乳喂养的趋势。例如日本东京1967年的人工喂养率比1951年增加了3倍。随着现代免疫学的发展,自70年代初期对母乳从免疫学方面有了新的认识,了解到母乳具有体液免疫、细胞免疫方面等特异和非特异免疫的多种免疫作用,是小儿早期生长发育的重要物质。 Breast milk has the “white blood” reputation. Before the sixties of this century, more research on its nutritional value. Since the 1960s, there has been a worldwide trend to substitute artificial feeding for breastfeeding due to the substantial increase in the quality of milk substitutes and many other factors. For example, the rate of artificial feeding in Tokyo, Japan in 1967 increased three-fold from 1951. With the development of modern immunology, breast-milk has gained a new understanding of immunology since the early 1970s. It has been learned that breast-milk has multiple immunological effects such as humoral immunity and cellular immunity, and other specific and non-specific immunity. It is an early childhood growth Important material for development.