目的　对本地区维生素D缺乏性佝偻病防治现状进行评估 ,并针对存在问题进行干预治疗及效果评价。方法　对 2 6 5名儿保门诊及随机抽取 3所幼儿园 86 5名婴幼儿进行诊断 ,问卷调查现有防治措施并观察针对性的干预措施效果。结果　不合理治疗及预防用药、缺乏光照、家长和保育员知识缺乏是主要的影响因素。针对性干预后治愈率增加、症状显著减少 ,家长的问卷及格率显著提高。结论　弄清本地区存在的实际影响因素进行积极干预 ,是减少发病、提高治愈率的关键。 Objective To evaluate the status of prevention and treatment of vitamin D deficiency rickets in our region and to provide interventions and evaluations on the existing problems. Methods Totally 256 child-care clinics and 865 infants and toddlers in 3 kindergartens were selected for diagnosis. The existing preventive and control measures were investigated by questionnaire and the effect of targeted interventions was observed. The results of irrational treatment and preventive medication, lack of light, lack of knowledge of parents and child care providers are the main factors. Targeted intervention increased the cure rate, significantly reduced the symptoms, the parents of the passing rate of the questionnaire significantly improved. Conclusion It is the key to reduce the incidence and increase the cure rate by clarifying the actual influential factors in this area.