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采用高强纤维作为防护材料,是航天器空间碎片超高速撞击防护结构发展的趋势之一。超高速撞击损伤分析是空间碎片防护结构研究开发设计的重要环节,也是高压极端加载条件下材料动态响应分析的重要内容。玄武岩纤维是近年来受到人们关注的一种高强度、高模量陶瓷纤维。利用二级轻气炮进行了铝合金弹丸超高速撞击玄武岩纤维编织布时的超高速撞击实验,根据弹丸碎片的闪光X射线阴影照片,分析了铝合金弹丸超高速撞击玄武岩纤维编织布的撞击速度损失规律,根据实验结果拟合得到了铝合金弹丸的剩余速度方程,为分析玄武岩纤维材料对弹丸的撞击能量消耗提供了参考依据。
The use of high-strength fibers as a protective material is one of the trends in the development of spacecraft hyperspeed impact protection structures for spacecraft. The analysis of hypervelocity impact damage is an important part of the research and development of space debris protection structure and an important part of the dynamic response analysis of materials under extreme pressure. Basalt fiber is a kind of high strength and high modulus ceramic fiber which has drawn people’s attention in recent years. According to the flash X-ray shadow photographs of projectile fragments, the impact velocity of aluminum alloy projectile super high speed impact basalt fiber woven cloth was analyzed. According to the experimental results, the residual velocity equation of the aluminum alloy projectile was fitted to provide a reference for the analysis of basalt fiber material impact energy consumption of the projectile.