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目的:研究急诊科危重患者的基本流行病学资料,提高急诊救治效率,制定危重病种的防治策略。方法:选择自2009-09-2010-08间就诊于我院急诊科的符合纳入标准的3 436例危重病患者,分析其性别、年龄、就诊时间、疾病谱的分布和构成特点,进行流行病学描述性研究。结果:老年组人数最多(47.06%);男性患者多于女性;急诊危重病种的前三位为心血管疾病、神经系统疾病、消化系统疾病;病死以院前死亡人数最多(37.14%);就诊时间分布的特点为全年的7月至8月和12月至次年2月两个高峰,全天就诊高峰时段为17:00~24:00。结论:培养一专多能的急诊科医师;按就诊时间分布,合理分配医疗资源,加强三级预防,尤其是病因预防;老年人应重点防治基础疾病,中年人应注意早期干预相关危险因素,青少年注意预防意外伤害的发生;同时需加强急救理念和急救知识的宣传与普及,减少院前死亡人数。
OBJECTIVE: To study the basic epidemiological data of critically ill patients in emergency department, improve the emergency treatment efficiency and formulate the prevention and treatment strategies of critically ill patients. Methods: A total of 3 436 critically ill patients were enrolled in the emergency department of our hospital from September 2009 to October 2010, and their gender, age, duration of treatment, distribution and composition of disease spectrum were analyzed, Descriptive study. Results: The elderly group had the largest number of patients (47.06%), male patients were more than female patients, and the top three emergency-critical diseases were cardiovascular diseases, nervous system diseases and digestive diseases. The distribution of treatment time is characterized by two peaks from July to August and from December to February in the whole year, with peak hours of 17: 00-24: 00 throughout the day. Conclusion: To train more than one emergency department physicians; according to the time distribution, rational distribution of medical resources, to strengthen tertiary prevention, especially etiological prevention; elderly should focus on prevention and treatment of underlying diseases, middle-aged people should pay attention to early intervention-related risk factors , Young people should pay attention to the prevention of accidental injuries. At the same time, publicity and popularization of first aid concept and first aid knowledge should be strengthened to reduce the number of pre-hospital deaths.