设计了3种用于制备喷管用C/C出口锥材料的炭纤维增强预制体,即炭布铺层骨架(P型预制体)、炭布叠层原位针刺骨架(N型预制体)、炭纤维整体编织骨架(B型预制体),并对比研究了预制体结构对C/C出口锥材料力学性能的影响。结果表明,对同密度水平的C/C出口锥,用P型预制体制备的C/C材料的层剪强度最低,N型预制体制备的材料的层剪强度最高,B型预制体制备的材料的层剪强度居中。3种预制体制备的C/C材料的高温弯曲性能差别不大,N型预制体结构更适合于C/C出口锥材料的制备成型。 Three kinds of prefabricated CFRP preforms were designed for the preparation of C / C exit cone material for lances, namely, carbon cloth ply skeleton (P-type preform), carbon cloth laminated in-situ acupuncture skeleton (N-type preform) , Carbon fiber overall braided skeleton (B preform), and comparative study of the preform structure C / C exit cone material mechanical properties. The results show that for the C / C outlet cone with the same density, the C / C material prepared by the P-type preform has the lowest shear strength, the N-type preform has the highest shear strength, and the B-type preform The shear strength of the material is medium. The C / C materials prepared by the three kinds of preforms have little difference in high-temperature bending properties, and the N-type preform structure is more suitable for the preparation of C / C exit cone materials.