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锚杆锚固质量两个主要衡量指标是锚固状态和锚固力。锚固状态是指锚杆施工后的锚固段长度、自由段长度、密实度和施工缺陷等;锚固力指现场拉拔试验过程中临界破坏点的拉拔力,又称极限抗拔力。利用振动波传播具有的许多独特性质,可以在锚杆表面人工激发应力波来探测锚杆体系内部的结构和性质,以此来判断锚杆的锚固状态。锚杆的无损检测研究已提出多年,但研究方向主要为纵向振动,有关锚杆系统的横向动力响应很少有人提及。建立了锚杆体系横向动力响应的理论模型,推导了完整锚杆的理论半解析计算公式,在此基础探讨了锚杆系统横向振动随锚杆长度、激振力作用时间等变化的一些规律。
The two main measures of bolt anchorage quality are anchorage status and anchorage force. The anchoring state refers to the length of anchorage section, the length of free section, the density and the construction defects after anchoring construction. The anchoring force refers to the pulling force at the critical breaking point during the site drawing test, also known as the ultimate pullout force. By using many unique properties of vibration wave propagation, the structure and properties of the anchor system can be detected by manually stimulating the stress wave on the anchor surface to determine the anchorage status of the anchor. Nondestructive testing of rock bolts has been proposed for many years, but the main research direction is longitudinal vibration. The theoretical model of the transverse dynamic response of the anchor system is established and the theoretical semi-analytical formula of the complete anchor is deduced. Based on this, some laws of the transverse vibration of the anchor system with the length of the anchor and the time of the exciting force are discussed.