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目的合理确定天线系统的辐射近远场区,利于分析其对周围环境电磁辐射影响时选择正确的估算模式。方法通过麦克斯韦(Maxwell)方程,分析理论辐射近远场的主要特性,结合工程实践中两大类天线系统,利用波程差理论,确定工程应用中单及多振子天线系统的近远场边界条件。结果通过两个实例,验证两种估算条件是可行的。结论理论上的辐射近远场与工程应用中的近远场区有某些共有特性,但又有较大的概念和特性差异;天线系统中的两种估算模式有其应用条件,且是统一的而不是矛盾的。
Objective To reasonably determine the radiation near and far field of the antenna system and to analyze the influence of electromagnetic radiation on the ambient environment on the correct estimation mode. Methods Based on the Maxwell equation, the main characteristics of the near and far fields of theoretical radiation are analyzed. Based on the two major types of antenna systems in engineering practice, the range-difference theory is used to determine the near and far field boundary conditions of single and multi-dipole antenna systems . Results Through two examples, it is feasible to verify two kinds of estimation conditions. Conclusions There are some common characteristics between the theoretical radiation near and far fields and near and far field regions in engineering applications, but there are also large differences in concepts and characteristics. The two estimation modes in the antenna system have their application conditions and are unified Not contradictory.