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本文采用3个不同熟期的水稻品种,分别在不同时期收获(出穗后30~80d,每次间隔5d),并对各收获时期的种子发芽率及种子质量进行测定,总结分析了3个不同熟期水稻品种的最佳收获时期及其与种子发芽率的关系。结果表明,水稻出穗后30~60d发芽率即可达到95%左右,随着生育期的缩短而延后,种子的发芽率在遇到初霜后就会受到影响,遇到霜冻后急剧下降。在试验区的气候条件下,早熟、中熟品种由于出穗期较早,适宜收获期可以延至出穗后55~60d,初霜前收获;中晚熟品种为出穗后50~55d,初霜期开始收获,初霜之后霜冻之前(9月末)收获结束,收获过早(≤50d)种子产量降低,过晚会导致种子发芽率下降,尤其遇到霜冻后,不仅使种子产量受到损失,而且使种子质量下降。
In this paper, three different maturity rice varieties were harvested at different times (30 ~ 80 days after heading, every 5 days), and the seed germination rate and seed quality of each harvesting period were determined. Three Study on the Optimal Harvesting Date of Rice Varieties with Different Maturity and Their Relationship with Seed Germination Rate. The results showed that the germination rate of rice reached about 95% after 30-60 days after heading out, and with the delay of growth period, the germination rate of seeds was affected after the initial frost and dropped sharply after frost . Under the climatic conditions in the experimental area, the early maturing and medium maturing varieties could be prolonged to the earliest heading stage, and the suitable harvesting period could be extended to 55 ~ 60d after the ear emergence and harvested before the first frost. The middle and late maturing varieties were 50 ~ 55 days after the ear emergence, Harvesting begins, the harvest is completed before the frost after the first frost (at the end of September), and the yield of the premature fry (≤50d) is reduced. If the frost is too late, the seed germination rate will decline. In addition, the seed yield will not only be lost, decline in quality.