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摘 要：如何在基础教育阶段培养学生英语口语交际能力，是一个非常值得探究的问题。研究表明，互动式教学方法打破了传统以教师为中心的教学模式，使学生由被动学习转为主动探究，真正成为自我发展的主体。
关键词：初中英语口语；互动；教学
一、引言
英语新课程改革要求教师从过去的教学主导者，改变成为学生学习的辅导者，努力加强学生的参与性，积极实践互动教学。教师应该根据教材和各个学生的特点，合理安排课堂中的活动，使得学生从过去的被动的“被灌输”知识变成在主动的参与中获得知识，并且从积极参与的过程中获得能力和素质的提高。师生互动，生生互动的教学模式还要求学生和教师在学习过程中投入情感，相互作用，这样不仅可以使得教师和学生之间的交流通道更加顺畅有效，而且可以促进学生个体情感态度和人格品质的发展。
二、初中口语互动教学的实证研究
（一）表演式互动教学
表演式互动，是指教师根据教学内容指导学生进行角色扮演，使学生在角色的模仿中对英语口语有亲身的实践和体验。角色表演可以采取情景对话、小品表演、短剧表演等各种方式。
例1，冰河世纪经典对白:
Sid: Manny, who do you like better, me or Diego?
Manfred: Diego. No contest.
Ellie: Manny, you cant pick favorites with your kids!
Manfred: Hes not my kid. Hes not even my dog. If my dog had a kid, and the kid had a pet, its Sid.
Sid: Manny, can I have a dog?
Manfred: No.
Sid: Ellie, can I have a dog?
Ellie: Sure, sweetie.
Manfred: Ellie, we have to be consistent with them!
例2，变形金刚经典对白:
Autobot Jazz: You want a piece of me Megatron?
Megatron: No, I want two!
Sam Spike Witwicky: So...
Maggie Madsen: What are you here for?
Sam Spike Witwicky: I bought a car. Turned out to be an alien robot.
Captain Lennox: I need a credit card! Epps, wheres your wallet?
USAF Master Sgt. Epps: Pocket!
Captain Lennox: Which pocket?
USAF Master Sgt. Epps: My back pocket!
Captain Lennox: You got ten back pockets!
USAF Master Sgt. Epps: Left cheek! Left cheek! Left cheek!
（二）采访式互动教学
可以由教师模拟对学生进行采访，或由许多学生一起组团对教师进行采访提问。初中生大多将教师作为自己口语模仿和学习的对象，因此这种采访提问方式既可以让学生不会无从开口，也易于调动学生的学习兴趣。
例如，为让学生畅谈目标和实现目标的途径，可以先由学生小组讨论，然后教师逐个采访的方式进行。问题可以逐层递进:What do you want to do in the future? Why? How do you think can you make your dream come true?
以下为部分同学的发言:
A1:I want to be a scientist. They can invest a lot of new things. I should work harder and study more knowledge.
A2:I am go(应该是going) to be a farmer. Food is very important for people. I plan to do more work with my father on the land.
A3:I hope to have my own company. I want to make money. Now I must know the other peoples way of making money.
A4: I will be a driver. I very like to drive cars on the road. I hope to know more about cars.
A5: I will become a doctor. I think I can save many life(应该是 lives).I will study harder on the subjects.
（三）游戏式互动教学
游戏互动的趣味性和娱乐性较强，比较适合于初中学生，这点在笔者对学生的调查中得到证实。游戏的方式有很多，比如学生一答一问接龙，英语故事接龙、听说相反、唱英文歌。
例如，词语、语句接龙。在教到运动内容时，可以组织学生进行与“Sports"有关成语的接龙。让一个学生说出一项自己知道的运动，然后造句，并模仿运动的特征摆姿势，然后其他学生接着用英语讲出他们所知道的运动，以此类推，看谁说得多，造句好，模仿像。以下为同学分发言:
S1: Running. Liu Xiang is a very famous running player.
S2: Swimming. I enjoy swimming every summer.
S3: Pingpong. I play Pingpong very well.
S4: Basketball. I would like to be basketball player in the future.
S5: Football. I am not interested in Chinese football team at all.
S6: Golf. Golf is said to be for the richer only.
关键词：初中英语口语；互动；教学
一、引言
英语新课程改革要求教师从过去的教学主导者，改变成为学生学习的辅导者，努力加强学生的参与性，积极实践互动教学。教师应该根据教材和各个学生的特点，合理安排课堂中的活动，使得学生从过去的被动的“被灌输”知识变成在主动的参与中获得知识，并且从积极参与的过程中获得能力和素质的提高。师生互动，生生互动的教学模式还要求学生和教师在学习过程中投入情感，相互作用，这样不仅可以使得教师和学生之间的交流通道更加顺畅有效，而且可以促进学生个体情感态度和人格品质的发展。
二、初中口语互动教学的实证研究
（一）表演式互动教学
表演式互动，是指教师根据教学内容指导学生进行角色扮演，使学生在角色的模仿中对英语口语有亲身的实践和体验。角色表演可以采取情景对话、小品表演、短剧表演等各种方式。
例1，冰河世纪经典对白:
Sid: Manny, who do you like better, me or Diego?
Manfred: Diego. No contest.
Ellie: Manny, you cant pick favorites with your kids!
Manfred: Hes not my kid. Hes not even my dog. If my dog had a kid, and the kid had a pet, its Sid.
Sid: Manny, can I have a dog?
Manfred: No.
Sid: Ellie, can I have a dog?
Ellie: Sure, sweetie.
Manfred: Ellie, we have to be consistent with them!
例2，变形金刚经典对白:
Autobot Jazz: You want a piece of me Megatron?
Megatron: No, I want two!
Sam Spike Witwicky: So...
Maggie Madsen: What are you here for?
Sam Spike Witwicky: I bought a car. Turned out to be an alien robot.
Captain Lennox: I need a credit card! Epps, wheres your wallet?
USAF Master Sgt. Epps: Pocket!
Captain Lennox: Which pocket?
USAF Master Sgt. Epps: My back pocket!
Captain Lennox: You got ten back pockets!
USAF Master Sgt. Epps: Left cheek! Left cheek! Left cheek!
（二）采访式互动教学
可以由教师模拟对学生进行采访，或由许多学生一起组团对教师进行采访提问。初中生大多将教师作为自己口语模仿和学习的对象，因此这种采访提问方式既可以让学生不会无从开口，也易于调动学生的学习兴趣。
例如，为让学生畅谈目标和实现目标的途径，可以先由学生小组讨论，然后教师逐个采访的方式进行。问题可以逐层递进:What do you want to do in the future? Why? How do you think can you make your dream come true?
以下为部分同学的发言:
A1:I want to be a scientist. They can invest a lot of new things. I should work harder and study more knowledge.
A2:I am go(应该是going) to be a farmer. Food is very important for people. I plan to do more work with my father on the land.
A3:I hope to have my own company. I want to make money. Now I must know the other peoples way of making money.
A4: I will be a driver. I very like to drive cars on the road. I hope to know more about cars.
A5: I will become a doctor. I think I can save many life(应该是 lives).I will study harder on the subjects.
（三）游戏式互动教学
游戏互动的趣味性和娱乐性较强，比较适合于初中学生，这点在笔者对学生的调查中得到证实。游戏的方式有很多，比如学生一答一问接龙，英语故事接龙、听说相反、唱英文歌。
例如，词语、语句接龙。在教到运动内容时，可以组织学生进行与“Sports"有关成语的接龙。让一个学生说出一项自己知道的运动，然后造句，并模仿运动的特征摆姿势，然后其他学生接着用英语讲出他们所知道的运动，以此类推，看谁说得多，造句好，模仿像。以下为同学分发言:
S1: Running. Liu Xiang is a very famous running player.
S2: Swimming. I enjoy swimming every summer.
S3: Pingpong. I play Pingpong very well.
S4: Basketball. I would like to be basketball player in the future.
S5: Football. I am not interested in Chinese football team at all.
S6: Golf. Golf is said to be for the richer only.