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背景:建立一种有效并简便可靠的高血压动物模型,对研究高血压的机制和治疗有重要的意义。目前,国内外常利用犬、大鼠、兔等实验制作高血压动物模型,其中肾动脉狭窄性高血压模型由于简便可靠被广泛应用于人类高血压及其并发症的研究。目的:建立简便、可靠的大鼠实验性肾动脉狭窄性高血压模型。设计:随机分组设计、动物实验。单位:青岛大学医学院附属医院脑血管病研究所。材料:实验于2005-09/2006-02在山东省脑病防治重点实验室完成。选择健康Wistar大鼠81只,随机数字表法分为单侧肾动脉狭窄组18只,双侧肾动脉狭窄组17只,单侧肾动脉结扎组15只,双侧肾动脉结扎组15只,单侧肾动脉狭窄假手术组6只,双侧肾动脉狭窄假手术组4只,正常对照组6只。方法:单侧肾动脉狭窄组,微型银夹夹闭右侧肾动脉,12d后手术切除左侧肾脏。双侧肾动脉狭窄组,微型银夹夹闭右侧肾动脉,12d后左侧做同样处理。单侧肾动脉结扎组,丝线结扎右侧肾动脉,12d后手术切除左侧肾脏。双侧肾动脉结扎组,丝线结扎右侧肾动脉,12d后左侧做同样处理。单侧肾动脉狭窄假手术组,手术暴露右侧肾脏,不做处理放回原位。12d后切除左侧肾脏。双侧肾动脉狭窄假手术组,手术暴露右侧肾脏,不做处理放回原位,12d后左侧做同样处理。正常对照组6只,不作任何处理。应用RBP-2大鼠血压计测量鼠尾血压和心率。主要观察指标:造模成功率、大鼠血压、心率。结果:纳入动物81只,死亡61只,均进入结果分析。①血压:单侧肾动脉狭窄组、双侧肾动脉狭窄组、双侧肾动脉结扎组血压明显高于正常对照组、双侧肾动脉狭窄假手术组[分别为(138.0±36.5),(154.2±11.6),(160.5±0.7),(101.3±17.6),(108.3±5.7)mmHg]。②心率:各肾动脉狭窄组动物心率变化不稳定,单侧肾动脉狭窄组、双侧肾动脉狭窄组、双侧肾动脉结扎组、正常对照组、双侧肾动脉狭窄假手术组分别为[(367.5±47.2),(420.2±47.8),(386.0±4.2),(390.3±42.4),(417.3±27.5)次/min]。③存活率:肾动脉狭窄组存活率(单侧22%,双侧29%)显著高于肾动脉结扎组(单侧0,双侧12%),以双侧肾动脉狭窄组存活率最高。结论:双侧肾动脉夹闭法可建立稳定的肾动脉狭窄性高血压大鼠模型。
BACKGROUND: Establishing an effective and simple and reliable animal model of hypertension is of great significance for studying the mechanism and treatment of hypertension. At present, dogs and rats, rabbits and other experiments are often used at home and abroad to make animal models of hypertension, of which renal artery stenosis hypertension model is widely used in the study of human hypertension and its complications due to its simplicity and reliability. Objective: To establish a simple and reliable experimental model of renal hypertensive rat stenosis. Design: randomized block design, animal experiments. Unit: Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Medical College. MATERIALS: Experiments were performed at Key Laboratory of Encephalopathy Prevention and Control of Shandong Province from September 2005 to February 2006. A total of 81 healthy Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups: unilateral renal artery stenosis group (n = 18), bilateral renal artery stenosis group (n = 17), unilateral renal artery ligation group (n = 15) and bilateral renal artery ligation group 6 in unilateral renal artery stenosis sham operation group, 4 in bilateral renal artery stenosis sham operation group and 6 in normal control group. Methods: In the unilateral renal artery stenosis group, the right renal artery was occluded with a miniature silver clip, and the left kidney was removed after 12 days. Bilateral renal artery stenosis group, miniature silver clip folder right renal artery, 12d after the left to do the same treatment. Unilateral renal artery ligation group, the right renal artery ligation wire, 12d after surgery to remove the left kidney. Bilateral renal artery ligation group, the right renal artery ligation wire, left after 12d to do the same treatment. Unilateral renal artery stenosis sham operation group, the right kidney exposed surgery, do not do the treatment back into place. After 12 days, the left kidney was excised. Bilateral renal artery stenosis sham operation group, the right kidney exposed surgery, do not do the treatment back into place, the left do the same after 12d treatment. Normal control group 6, without any treatment. Rat RBP and heart rate were measured using an RBP-2 rat sphygmomanometer. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Model success rate, rat blood pressure, heart rate. Results: 81 animals were included and 61 died, all of which were involved in the result analysis. ① Blood pressure: The blood pressure in unilateral renal artery stenosis group, bilateral renal artery stenosis group and bilateral renal artery ligation group was significantly higher than that in the normal control group, bilateral renal artery stenosis group [(138.0 ± 36.5), (154.2 ± 11.6), (160.5 ± 0.7), (101.3 ± 17.6), (108.3 ± 5.7) mmHg]. Heart rate: heart rate variability in each group of renal artery stenosis unstable, unilateral renal artery stenosis group, bilateral renal artery stenosis group, bilateral renal artery ligation group, normal control group, bilateral renal artery stenosis sham group were [ (367.5 ± 47.2), (420.2 ± 47.8), (386.0 ± 4.2), (390.3 ± 42.4) and (417.3 ± 27.5) times / min, respectively. Survival rate: survival rate of renal artery stenosis group (unilateral 22%, bilateral 29%) was significantly higher than the renal artery ligation group (unilateral 0, bilateral 12%), bilateral renal artery stenosis group had the highest survival rate. Conclusion: Bilateral renal artery occlusion can establish a stable model of renal artery stenosis in rats.