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目的:了解马鞍山市家禽从业人员对人感染H7N9流感预防知识知晓情况、职业防护及行为状况。方法:采用自行设计的调查问卷,由疾控中心专业人员对涉禽从业人员进行面对面询问调查,调查内容包括一般人口学特征、H7N9流感预防相关知识及职业防护与就医行为等,同时采集调查者血液样本,进行血清学检测。结果:共调查家禽从业人员102人,预防人感染H7N9流感基本知识总知晓率为25.0%,男性(29.1%)高于女性(22.7%)(χ2=4.072,P=0.044)。规模化养殖从业人员正确率为31.8%,屠宰加工厂人员正确率为22.9%,前者高于后者(χ2=6.139,P=0.013)。78.4%的人工作时能够带手套和口罩,17.6%的人基本无防护措施。如果出现感冒发烧等症状46.1%会及时就诊,就医时53.9%会首选乡镇或社区医院,38.2%的人会首选私人诊所。结论:马鞍山市涉禽职业暴露人员预防H7N9流感知识知晓情况较差,职业防护意识不强,需加强对该类人群的健康教育和行为干预。
Objective: To understand the situation of prevention and control of H7N9 influenza among poultry workers in Ma’anshan, occupational protection and behavior. Methods: A self-designed questionnaire was used by CDC professionals to interview face-to-face interviews with Waffen practitioners. The survey included general demographic characteristics, knowledge of H7N9 influenza prevention and occupational protection and medical treatment, and collected blood from investigators Samples for serological testing. Results: A total of 102 poultry workers were surveyed. The total awareness rate of prevention of H7N9 influenza infection was 25.0%. There were 29.1% males (22.7%) than females (χ2 = 4.072, P = 0.044). The correct rate of large-scale aquaculture practitioners was 31.8%, while that of slaughter and processing plants was 22.9%. The former was higher than the latter (χ2 = 6.139, P = 0.013). 78.4% of people can wear gloves and masks while working, and 17.6% of people have no protective measures. 46.1% of them will get timely treatment if symptoms such as flu and fever occur. 53.9% of them will be the first choice township or community hospital when seeking medical treatment, and 38.2% will prefer private clinics. Conclusion: The knowledge of prevention of H7N9 influenza in Wenshan occupational workers in Ma’anshan is poor and the awareness of occupational protection is not strong. Health education and behavioral intervention should be strengthened for these workers.