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随着科技投入的增加,政府和公众都期望科学研究对社会发展有更多的贡献,要求在科技项目的评议中考察对社会的影响等相关性内容。以美国国家科学基金会(NSF)为首的科研资助机构率先对评议准则进行了修改,将同行评议扩展为价值评议(Merit Review)。本文以美国NSF的价值评议要点及科学家对此的争论为切入点,分析不同科研资助机构如美国国立卫生研究院(NIH)、美国能源部(DOE)、欧盟框架计划(ECFP)等科技项目评议中有关社会影响方面的评议准则的内涵,对评议专家的要求等内容,并结合我国目前科技项目的评价现状提出了建议。
With the increase of investment in science and technology, both the government and the public expect that scientific research will make more contributions to social development and require the examination of the impact on the society in the evaluation of science and technology projects. Research funding agencies led by the National Science Foundation (NSF) took the lead in revising the guidelines and extending peer review to Merit Review. In this paper, the United States NSF value evaluation points and scientists debate on this as the starting point, analysis of different research funding agencies such as the National Institutes of Health (NIH), the US Department of Energy (DOE), the EU Framework Program (ECFP) and other scientific and technological project review In the social impact of the evaluation criteria for the connotation of the experts on the content of the request, combined with China's current status of science and technology project evaluation put forward recommendations.