目的探讨呕吐毒素即脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(deoxynivalenol,DON)染毒对小鼠精液质量和生育力的影响。方法将40只2~3月龄健康清洁级昆明雄性小鼠按体重随机分为4组,分别为对照(玉米油)组和10、30、50 mg/kg DON染毒组,每组10只。采用腹腔注射方式进行染毒,染毒容量为10 ml/kg,每天1次,连续染毒7 d。与未染毒的雌性小鼠合笼(雌雄比为2∶1);于妊娠15 d时,检测雄性小鼠精液质量和雌性小鼠生育力的变化情况。结果与对照组比较,各剂量DON染毒组小鼠的精子畸形率升高,而精子存活率和顶体完整率降低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01,P<0.05);且随着DON染毒剂量的升高,小鼠的精子存活率和顶体完整率均呈下降趋势,而精子畸形率呈上升趋势。与对照组比较,各剂量DON染毒组小鼠睾丸总精子数和精子日生成量以及20和30 mg/kg DON染毒组小鼠的附睾尾总精子数均下降,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01);且随着DON染毒剂量的升高,小鼠的总精子数、精子日生成量和附睾尾总精子数均呈下降趋势。与对照组比较,各剂量DON染毒小鼠可使交配母鼠的妊娠率、着床胚胎数、活胎数降低,而妊娠流产率升高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01);且随着DON染毒剂量的升高,与各剂量DON染毒小鼠交配母鼠的妊娠率、着床胚胎数、活胎数均呈下降趋势,而妊娠流产率呈上升趋势。结论 DON染毒可降低雄性小鼠精液质量和生育力。 Objective To investigate the effect of deoxynivalenol (DON) on the semen quality and fertility in mice. Methods Forty healthy male Kunming mice, aged 2-3 months, were randomly divided into four groups according to body weight: control (corn oil) group and 10, 30 and 50 mg / kg DON groups, 10 . The rats were injected intraperitoneally with the injection volume of 10 ml / kg once daily for 7 days. And the non-infected female mice were caged (male-female ratio was 2: 1). At 15 d of gestation, the sperm quality of male mice and the fertility of female mice were examined. Results Compared with the control group, the sperm deformity rate increased while the sperm survival rate and acrosome integrity rate decreased in all DON groups (P <0.01, P <0.05) With the increase of DON dose, the sperm survival rate and acrosome integrity rate of mice showed a downward trend, while the sperm deformity rate showed an upward trend. Compared with the control group, the total number of spermatozoa and spermatozoa, as well as the total number of epididymis sperm in 20 and 30 mg / kg DON-treated mice were significantly decreased (P <0.05, P <0.01). With the increase of DON dose, the total number of spermatozoa, the number of spermatozoa and the total spermatozoa of epididymis all showed a decreasing trend. Compared with the control group, the pregnancy rate, the number of implantation embryos and the number of live fetus in the mated mice decreased with the DON doses, while the miscarriage rate increased with the difference (all P <0.05, P <0.01). And with the increase of DON dose, the pregnancy rate, the number of implantation embryos and the number of alive fetuses in the daughters of mice intervened by DON decreased with the increase of DON dose, but the rate of abortion increased . Conclusion DON can reduce the sperm quality and fertility of male mice.