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用4个籼粳两用核不育系与24个广亲和品种进行不完全双列杂交,研究了两系杂交稻13个性状群体配合力方差的遗传变异。结果表明,两系杂交稻的主要农艺性状形成中,既受一般配合力的制约,又受特殊配合力的影响.有效穗、单株产量等5个性状,以一般配合力作用为主。而每穗粒数、千粒重等6个性状,虽仍以一般配合力作用为主,但特殊配合力的作用也不可忽视。每穗一枝梗数和二枝梗数則以特殊配合力作用为主,但一般配合力也有较大作用。有效穗、结实率、生物产量、穗长等4个性状以母本一般配合力作用为主.单株产量、每穗一枝梗数则以父本一般配合力作用为主。其它7个性状则父母本的一般配合力作用均有重要作用。
The genetic variation of combining ability of 13 traits of two-line hybrid rice was studied by incomplete dialleaf crosses between 4 indica-japonica and 24-japonica lines. The results showed that the main agronomic characters of two-line hybrid rice were not only restricted by the general combining ability but also influenced by the special combining ability, and the five traits such as effective panicle and single plant yield were dominated by the general combining ability. While the number of grains per spike, 1000-grain weight and other six traits, although still dominated by the general combining ability, but the role of special combining ability can not be ignored. The number of spikelets and two spikelets per spike was dominated by special combining ability, but the general combining ability also had a greater effect. Four traits, effective panicle, seed setting rate, biomass yield and spike length, were dominated by the maternal general combining ability, while the yield per plant and the number of spikelets per panicle were dominated by the general combining ability of the male parent. The other seven traits play an important role in the general combining ability of parents.