从贸易方面度量开放程度的指标有外贸依存度、关税率、有效保护率和数量限制平均覆盖率、非关税壁垒覆盖率、价格扭曲度等。从金融角度来研究开放的指标有外汇黑市溢价、本国对外投资和吸收外资的流量、存量、增长率以及它们占GDP的比重等。有些学者运用计量方法测算选定指标的理论预测值,通过比较实际值与理论预测值的差异来度量开放程度。国内学者一般选择3至6个分指标的加权平均值来度量我国经济的对外开放程度。 Indicators for measuring the degree of openness from the perspective of trade are the dependence on foreign trade, the tariff rate, the average coverage rate for effective protection and quantitative restrictions, the coverage of non-tariff barriers and price distortions. The indicators for research and opening from the financial point of view are the black-box premium on foreign exchange, the flow, stock, and growth rate of their overseas investment and foreign investment, their share of GDP, and so on. Some scholars use the measurement method to calculate the theoretical predictive value of selected indicators, and measure the openness by comparing the difference between the actual value and the theoretical predictive value. Domestic scholars generally choose a weighted average of 3 to 6 sub-indicators to measure the degree of opening up of China’s economy.