水稻中的籼稻和粳稻是两个亚种,它们在形态及对环境条件的要求上都有很大的不同。籼稻种植在热带,粳稻种植在温带,籼稻生活于高温多湿条件下具有要求高温、耐潮湿、抗病力强的特性,而粳稻则抗寒力强、米质较好。我国每年种植的近5亿亩水稻中,80％以上是籼稻,粳稻只占15～17％。除了北方种植粳稻外,长江流域的晚稻及南方高海拔地区,粳稻也有很大的面积。近一、二年,籼稻由于有抗病力强、产量高的特点,栽培面积逐渐北移。另一方面,由于粳稻米质好,现在又强调稻米品质,所以在长江中下游,粳稻有新发展。根据市场需求的实际情况,今后几年中粳稻的面积将会进 Indica and japonica rice are two subspecies in rice, they are very different in morphological and environmental requirements. Indica rice is planted in the tropics. Japonica rice is planted in the temperate zone. Under the conditions of high temperature and humidity, the indica rice has the characteristics of high temperature resistance, moisture resistance and strong disease resistance. However, the japonica rice has strong cold hardiness and good rice quality. Of the nearly 500 million mu of rice planted each year in China, more than 80% are indica rice and only 15-17% of japonica rice. In addition to the northern planting of japonica rice, the late rice in the Yangtze River and southern high-altitude areas, japonica rice also has a large area. Nearly one or two years, indica rice due to strong disease resistance, high yield characteristics, the cultivation area gradually moved north. On the other hand, since the quality of japonica rice is good and the quality of rice is now underlined, there has been a new development of japonica rice in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. According to the actual situation of market demand, the area of ​​japonica rice will enter in the next few years