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目的:了解长春市新生儿脐带血血铅水平及其影响因素。方法:对690例新生儿脐血样本在严格质量控制下用Z/3030型石墨炉原子吸收分光光度计测定血铅值,并以面谈问卷的形式对产妇进行家庭社会环境和健康状况调查,分析对脐血铅水平有明显作用的影响因素。结果:690例的脐血铅水平呈正态分布,范围6～78μg/L,均值33.32μg/L,标准差18.078μg/L。经单因素分析,家庭经济收入、父母文化程度、孕产妇有死胎史、家庭住房面积、家庭同住人口中有职业接触铅者、孕期患有病毒感染、家庭装修时间、孕期平均在马路上的时间是胎儿期铅暴露的危险因素。采用多元logistic回归分析的方法进行多因素分析,家庭装修时间及孕期平均在马路上的时间对血铅水平的作用有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:长春市新生儿脐带血血铅水平较低,与环境因素存在显著相关,其主要危险因素为家庭装修时间及孕期在马路上的停留时间。
Objective: To understand the cord blood lead levels and its influencing factors in neonates in Changchun City. Methods: 690 neonatal umbilical blood samples under strict quality control with Z / 3030 Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer for the determination of blood lead levels, and interviews questionnaire on the maternal family environment and health survey, analysis Influencing factors on umbilical cord blood lead levels. Results: 690 cases of cord blood lead levels were normal distribution, the range of 6 ~ 78μg / L, mean 33.32μg / L, standard deviation 18.078μg / L. According to the univariate analysis, the family income, the education level of the parents, the history of the stillbirth of the pregnant women, the area of the family housing, the occupationally exposed population of the family had lead exposure, the infection during the pregnancy, the time of the family decoration, the average on the road during pregnancy Time is a risk factor for fetal lead exposure. Multivariate analysis was conducted by multivariate logistic regression analysis. The effect of home decoration time and the average time spent on the road during pregnancy on serum lead levels was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion: The level of blood lead in neonatal cord blood is lower in Changchun City, which is significantly related to environmental factors. The main risk factors are the time of home decoration and the residence time on the road during pregnancy.