从经济学的视角来研究精神文化消费问题,似宜首先剖析精神文化产品的需求与供给。马克思指出:“消费直接也是生产,正如自然界中的元素和化学物质的消费是植物的生产一样。例如,吃喝是消费形式之一,人吃喝就生产自己的身体,这是明显的事。”由此推论一下,似乎可以说,人欣赏一台戏剧(或观看一部电影、阅读一本小说、聆听一场音乐会、演奏一首小夜曲等)就是在生产自已的精神,即充实自己的精神世界,满足自己的内心精神生活需求。这种需求具有两个突出的特点:其一,是因人而异,因人的教育程度、文化修养、人生经历、艺术趣味、年龄、职业、个性、偏好等之不同而大相迳庭。当代五光十色的社会生活,日趋多元化的社会结构,已使原来就固有的多样化精神文化需求更加细分化。不难预期,在社会主义市场经济条件下,竞争推动着科学技术的不断创新和社会生产力的迅猛发展,随着人均国民收入水平的上 From the perspective of economics to study the issue of spiritual and cultural consumption, it may be appropriate to first analyze the spiritual and cultural product needs and supply. Marx pointed out that “consumption is directly produced, just as the consumption of natural and chemical substances is the production of plants, for example, it is obvious that eating and drinking are one form of consumption and people eat and drink to produce their bodies.” This corollary, it seems to be said that people enjoy a drama (or watch a movie, read a novel, listen to a concert, play a serenade, etc.) is in the production of their own spirit, that enrich their own spiritual world , To meet their inner spiritual needs. This demand has two outstanding features: First, it varies from person to person, depending on people's educational level, cultural accomplishment, life experience, artistic interest, age, occupation, individuality, preference and so on. The colorful contemporary social life and the increasingly diversified social structure have allotted the original diversified spiritual and cultural needs. It is not hard to expect that with the socialist market economy, competition will push forward the constant innovation of science and technology and the rapid development of social productive forces. As the national income per capita rises