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目的 探讨抑癌基因产物ｐ５３ 蛋白和ｒａｓ 基因产物 ｐ２１ 蛋白在胃肠道间质瘤（ Ｇ Ｉ Ｓ Ｔ）中的表达及意义。方法 应用免疫组织化学 Ｓ Ｐ法，检测了 ６２ 例胃肠道间质瘤这两种蛋白的表达。结果 １０ 例良性间质瘤ｐ５３ 和ｐ２１ 均呈阴性表达，１０ 例交界性间质瘤中ｐ５３ 阳性表达者 ３ 例（３０．０％ ），ｐ２１ 阳性表达者 ４ 例（４０．０％ ），４２ 例胃肠道间质肉瘤中阳性表达者 ３５ 例（８３．３％ ），ｐ２１ 阳性表达者 ３１ 例（７３．８％ ），ｐ５３ 和ｐ２１ 阳性表达率在交界性间质瘤与间质肉瘤比较差异有显著意义（ Ｐ＜ ０．００５， Ｐ＜ ０．０１），并分别与胃肠道间质肉瘤的恶性程度呈显著正相关（ Ｐ＜０．００５， Ｐ＜ ０．０１）。结论 ｐ５３ 蛋白和ｐ２１ 蛋白表达对胃肠道良、恶性间质瘤诊断有帮助，病理形态为交界性间质瘤，如ｐ５３ 表达阳性应诊断为间质肉瘤，ｐ５３ 和ｐ２１ 表达的有无还可作为间质肉瘤恶性程度评估的参考指标之一。
Objective To investigate the expression and significance of tumor suppressor gene product p53 protein and ras gene product p21 protein in gastrointestinal stromal tumors (G I S T). Methods The expression of these two proteins in 62 cases of gastrointestinal stromal tumors was detected by immunohistochemical SP method. Results The expression of p53 and p21 was negative in 10 cases of benign stromal tumors, 3 cases (30.0%) of p53 positive expression in 10 cases of borderline stromal tumors, and 4 cases (40.0%) of p21 positive expression, 42 Forty-three cases (83.3%) were positive for gastrointestinal stromal sarcoma and 31 cases (73.8%) were positive for p21. The positive expression rates of p53 and p21 were found in borderline stromal tumors and stromal sarcomas. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.005, P<0.01) and was positively correlated with the malignancy of gastrointestinal stromal sarcoma, respectively (P<0.005, P<0.01). Conclusions The expression of p53 protein and p21 protein is helpful for the diagnosis of gastrointestinal tract benign and malignant stromal tumors. The pathological morphology is borderline stromal tumors. If the expression of p53 is positive, it should be diagnosed as stromal sarcoma. Whether the expression of p53 and p21 can also be confirmed As one of the reference indicators for assessing the degree of malignancy of mesenchymal sarcoma.