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一百年前的中国,国势衰退,列强欺侮。五千年辉煌的中华文明处在停滞、封闭、落后的低谷中。民族的启蒙,思想的解放,旧传统的突破,这是时代的呼唤:建立现代民族国家,发展现代文化,这是历史的大趋势。 自鸦片战争到洋务运动,从戊戌变法到辛亥革命;从五四运动到新中国建立,又从“文革”十年浩劫到改革开放,一代代中国人奋斗牺牲,从技术、体制、思想精神三个层面上探索、改良、革命,都是
A hundred years ago, China suffered a decline and its powers bully. Five thousand years of glory of Chinese civilization in a stagnant, closed, backward trough. The enlightenment of nations, the liberation of ideas and the breakthrough of old traditions are the call of the times: the establishment of a modern nation-state and the development of modern culture are major trends in history. From the Opium War to the Westernization Movement, from the Reform Movement of 1898 to the Revolution of 1911; from the May 4th Movement to the founding of New China, and from the ten-year Holocaust to the reform and opening up of the “Cultural Revolution”, the Chinese people struggled and sacrificed from generation to generation. From the technical, institutional and intellectual spheres A level exploration, improvement, revolution, are