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铝和铬的性质有不少相似之处.它们都是两性金属,既能溶于酸又能溶于强碱;都被冷的浓硝酸钝化,其氧化物Al_2O_3、Cr_2O_3都是熔点高、硬度大的物质,其氢氧化物Al(OH)_3、Cr(OH)_3都是难溶于水的两性氢氧化物,既能溶于酸又能溶于强碱.本文利用Al—H_2O系统的(?)—pH图及Cr—H_2O系统的(?)—pH图,对铝和铬及其氢氧化物的两性进行分析.一、Al—H_2O系统(?)—pH图图1为Al—H_2O系统的(?)—pH图,其作法是:(?)线代表H~+/H_2线.根据(?)(H~+/H_2)=-0.0592pH-(0.0592/2)1g(P(H_2))
There are many similarities between the properties of aluminum and chromium.All of them are amphoteric metals, both soluble in acid and soluble in alkali, and are all passivated by cold concentrated nitric acid.The oxides Al 2 O 3 and Cr 2 O 3 all have high melting point, Hardness of the material, the hydroxide Al (OH) _3, Cr (OH) _3 are poorly water-soluble amphoteric hydroxide, both soluble in acid and soluble in strong alkali.In this paper, Al-H_2O system (-) - pH and Cr-H_2O - (-) - pH of the Cr-H_2O system.A, Al-H_2O system (? (H 2 O) - H 2 O system, the method is: (?) Line represents the H ~ + / H 2 line.According to the H ~ + / H_2 = - 0.0592pH- (0.0592 / 2) 1g P (H_2))