与其他临床学科相较,肿瘤学的发展很迅速,昂贵的抗癌药物有的有多种作用机制,但有的却只有很窄的适应证。根据2007-2010年在Clinical Trials.gov注册的临床试验中,肿瘤学是最大的学科(占试验的21.8%),其次是神经学科(9%)和感染学科(8.3%)[1]。另外,在2012年批准的新药中(美国39种,欧盟33种),25%~33%是抗癌剂(美国是13/39;欧盟是 Compared with other clinical disciplines, the rapid development of oncology, expensive anti-cancer drugs and some have a variety of mechanisms of action, but some only very narrow indications. Oncology is the largest subject (21.8% of the trials) in clinical trials registered with Clinical Trials.gov from 2007-2010, followed by neurology (9%) and infection (8.3%) [1]. In addition, among the new drugs approved in 2012 (39 in the United States and 33 in the EU), 25% to 33% are anti-cancer agents (13/39 in the United States;