编辑同志:读了贵刊关于热力学第二定律的两篇文章(《熵与混乱度》、《热力学第二定律从物理说法导出数学说法》,1974年第5期),有些看法。这两篇文章毫无批判地向我国读者介绍西方科学家的这些观点,是不适宜的。毛主席早就教导我们,对于一切外国的东西,必须“把它分解为精华和糟粕两部分,然后排泄其糟粕,吸收其精华,……决不能生吞活剥地毫无批判地吸收。”(《新民主主义论》)毫无疑问,对于化学知识方面,我们也应当采取这一正确的方针。克劳胥斯(Clausius)对热力学第二定律所做的片面概括和推论,对于读过《自然辩证法》的同志来说,是熟悉的。恩格斯尖锐地指出:“克劳胥斯的第二原理等等,无论以什么形式提出来,都不外乎是说:能消失了,如果不是在量上,那也是在质上消失了。熵不可能用自然的方法消灭,但可以创造出来。宇宙钟必须上紧发条,然后才走动起来,一直达到平衡状态,而要使它从平衡状态再走动起来,那只有奇迹才行。”(《自然辩证法》261页)克劳胥斯不承认自然界运动形式的质的多 Editor's comrade: read your magazine two articles on the second law of thermodynamics (“entropy and chaos degree”, “the second law of thermodynamics derived from the physical argument of mathematical theory”, 1974, No. 5), some views. It is not appropriate for these two articles to introduce these views of Western scientists critically to our readers. Chairman Mao has long taught us that for all foreign things we must “break it down into two parts, essence and dross, and then drain its dregs and absorb its essence ... must never be absorbed without criticism.” Democracy “) There is no doubt that we should also take this right approach to chemical knowledge. Clausius's one-sided generalization and inference of the second law of thermodynamics is familiar to those who have read Dialectics of Nature. Engels pointedly pointed out: ”The second principle of Clausius, etc., no matter what form is proposed, is no more than that: it can disappear, and if it is not in quantity, it disappears qualitatively. It can not be annihilated by nature, but it can be created: the clock of the universe must be tightened before it can move forward until it reaches a state of equilibrium, and it is only a miracle that it can be made to move from equilibrium. “ ”Dialectics of nature," 261 pp.) Clausus does not recognize much of the nature of the forms of movement in nature