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以华红苹果树为试材,把根系空间划分为96个小区,通过整株分区挖掘法、根系扫描分析等方式了解根系的生长分布特征。结果表明,在水平方向上随着距树干距离的增加,根系干重迅速下降,0~150 cm范围根系干重占根系总干重的90.29%,为根系的主要分布区域,其中距树干0~50 cm区域根系干重占根系总干重的56.52%,是粗根集中区域;在垂直方向上,根系干重呈先增加后下降的趋势,其中0~40 cm土层根系干重占总干重73.92%;每一土层内,随着土层加深,根系呈现逐步向外延伸生长的趋势;随着距树干距离的增加,细根在0~200 cm范围内的根长密度、根表面积密度以及根体积密度等特征参数一直呈上升趋势,最大值出现在距离树干200 cm左右;直径0~2、3~5 mm的根系在不同方向上生长分布情况并不一致,甚至存在较大差异。
Taking Huahong apple tree as test material, the root space was divided into 96 communities. The growth distribution characteristics of the root system were studied by whole-area digging method and root scanning analysis. The results showed that in the horizontal direction, the root dry weight decreased rapidly with the distance from the trunk, and the root dry weight in the range of 0 ~ 150 cm accounted for 90.29% of the total dry weight of the root system, which was the main distribution area of the root system, The root dry weight in the 50 cm area accounted for 56.52% of the total dry weight of the root system, which was the concentration area of coarse roots. In the vertical direction, the root dry weight firstly increased and then decreased, and the dry root weight in 0-40 cm soil layer accounted for Weight and 73.92% respectively. In each soil layer, the roots showed a trend of extending outward gradually with the deepening of the soil layers. With the increase of the distance from the tree trunk, the root length and root surface area Density and root bulk density all showed an upward trend. The maximum appeared at a distance of about 200 cm from the trunk. The growth distribution of roots with diameters of 0 to 2, 3 to 5 mm in different directions was not consistent, even with large differences.