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目的了解安徽省孕妇膳食营养状况,为改善孕妇的膳食营养提供理论依据。方法选取2013年城乡204名孕中期妇女为研究对象,采用2~24 h膳食称重法进行膳食调查,获得孕妇平均每日摄入的普通食物、强化食品及营养素补充剂的总量,并以中国营养学会推荐的膳食营养素参考摄入量(DRIs)为依据,评价城乡孕妇能量和各种营养素的摄入情况。结果城市孕妇豆类、奶制品的摄入量低于推荐量的人数比例在80.0%以上;农村孕妇蔬菜、水果、豆类、奶类和海产品类食物的摄入量均低于推荐量,其中蔬菜、水果的摄入量低于推荐量的比例在70.0%以上,豆类、奶类和海产品类食物摄入不足率达90.0%以上。城市孕妇各类营养素摄入水平达到了推荐摄入量;而农村孕妇主要营养素摄入不足,其中61.3%的农村孕妇锌摄入不足,钙、铁的摄入不足率达85.0%以上,维生素B1和维生素C的摄入不足率在70.0%以上,维生素A、维生素B2的摄入不足率达80.0%以上。结论安徽省城乡孕妇膳食构成不合理,农村孕妇主要营养素缺乏问题突出,膳食营养状况有待改善。
Objective To understand the nutritional status of pregnant women in Anhui Province and to provide a theoretical basis for improving dietary nutrition in pregnant women. Methods A total of 204 pregnant women in urban and rural areas were selected as research objects in 2013. The dietary survey was conducted by 2 ~ 24 h dietary gravimetric method to obtain the average daily intake of pregnant women, the total amount of food supplements and nutrient supplements Chinese Nutrition Society Recommended Dietary Nutrients Reference Intakes (DRIs) as the basis to evaluate the energy of pregnant women in urban and rural areas and the intake of various nutrients. Results The percentage of pregnant women with less than recommended amount of beans and dairy products in urban areas was above 80.0%. The intake of vegetables, fruits, pulses, milk and seafood in rural pregnant women was lower than the recommended amount, The vegetable and fruit intake was less than the recommended amount of more than 70.0%, and the inadequate rate of food intake of beans, milk and seafood was over 90.0%. The intake of various types of nutrients in urban pregnant women reached the recommended intake. However, the main nutrient intake of pregnant women in rural areas was inadequate. Among them, 61.3% pregnant women lack zinc intake, over 85.0% calcium and iron intake, and vitamin B1 And inadequate intake of vitamin C in more than 70.0%, vitamin A, vitamin B2 intake rate of more than 80.0%. Conclusion The diet composition of pregnant women in urban and rural areas in Anhui Province is unreasonable. The main nutrient deficiency in pregnant women in rural areas is outstanding, and the nutritional status of the diet needs to be improved.