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目的:评价在高等级生物安全实验室中常见紫外线杀菌操作的安全性,为建立操作技术标准提供实验证据。方法:用pUC19质粒转化大肠杆菌DH5α构建模式菌。用模式菌模拟高等级生物安全实验室中可能遇到的几种紫外线杀菌情况,并对紫外线照射后的细菌存活情况进行评价。结果:当菌量较少时,紫外线能在10 m in内完全杀灭生物安全柜中的细菌,而在30 m in内完全杀灭实验室中距紫外灯2 m内的细菌。对于大量细菌,紫外照射的效果不佳。在生物安全柜中,紫外线持续照射10 m in可以完全杀灭滴落在生物安全柜、操作者隔离服或乳胶手套表面的细菌。结论:对大量细菌的污染,单纯的紫外线照射具有风险,不建议高等级生物安全实验室将紫外照射作为唯一杀菌方法。
Objective: To evaluate the safety of common UV disinfection operations in high-level biosafety laboratories and provide experimental evidence for the establishment of operational technical standards. Methods: The plasmid pUC19 was transformed into E. coli DH5α to construct model bacteria. Model bacteria are used to simulate several types of UV disinfection that may be encountered in high-level biosafety laboratories and to evaluate the bacterial survival after UV exposure. Results: When the amount of bacteria was low, ultraviolet light could completely kill the bacteria in the biological safety cabinet within 10 mins, and completely kill the bacteria within 2 m of the laboratory ultraviolet light in the distance of 30 mins. For a large number of bacteria, UV irradiation is not effective. In biosafety cabinets, continuous exposure to UV light for 10 mins completely sterilizes bacteria that have dripped onto biological safety cabinets, operator compartments or latex gloves. Conclusion: It is risky to pollute a large number of bacteria and purely ultraviolet light. It is not recommended that high-grade biosafety laboratories use ultraviolet radiation as the only method of sterilization.