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[目的]研究阿月浑子褐斑病的发病规律及其病原菌的生物学特性。[方法]田间实地调查阿月浑子褐斑病的发病规律;从阿月浑子发病组织中分离纯化出一种真菌,室内观察其培养性状和形态特征,根据其形态鉴定其分类地位;研究了不同温度对病原菌菌丝生长的影响以及不同温、湿度对病原菌孢子萌发的影响。[结果]阿月浑子褐斑病是一种真菌性病害,主要侵染阿月浑子叶片和果实,造成叶斑和枯梢,在我国的阿月浑子引种地发病情况严重。该病原真菌经鉴定为链格孢(Alternariaalternaria),其菌丝生长的最适温度为20～25℃;孢子萌发最适温度为25～30℃,最适相对湿度在95%以上。[结论]春夏之交和夏秋之交是病害发生的2个高峰期,夏季连续阴雨是阿月浑子叶片褐斑病侵染和爆发的决定性条件。
[Objective] The research aimed to study the pathogenesis of pistachio brown spot and the biological characteristics of its pathogens. [Method] Field investigation on the incidence of pistachio brown spot was conducted. A fungus was isolated and purified from the pathogenesis of pistachio. The traits and morphological characteristics were observed indoors, and its classification was identified according to its morphology. Effects of different temperature on mycelial growth of pathogenic bacteria and the effect of different temperature and humidity on spore germination of pathogenic bacteria. [Result] Pistachio leaf spot was a kind of fungal disease. It mainly invaded the leaves and fruits of pistachio and caused the leaf spot and the dead shoot. The incidence of pistachio in China was very serious. The pathogen was identified as Alternaria albicans. The optimal temperature for mycelial growth was 20-25 ℃. The optimal spore germination temperature was 25-30 ℃ and the optimum relative humidity was above 95%. [Conclusion] The peak of the disease occurred at the turn of spring and summer and at the turn of summer and autumn. The continuous rainy season in summer was the decisive condition for the infection and outbreak of brown leaf spot in pistachio nuts.